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Dave Miller
几乎可以使用塑料颗粒或塑料粉碎机处理塑料植物中几乎所有不同种类的废料 - 瓶子，泉水，跑步者，小型和大型模制零件，膜，薄片，管子，管子，纤维，纤维，净化 -。那么，在特定应用程序中，如何确定哪种尺寸减少技术是最好的？
Four key considerations –体积/吞吐量，密度，进食方法，和材料大小/条件要求- 通常会提供答案：
音量/吞吐量
Granulators don’t have a minimum throughput limit. When properly sized, they can handle hundreds or even thousands of pounds of scrap as easily as a few pounds. The range of granulators available is extremely broad:
- 像Conair的小颗粒旁边的小颗粒Viper 12 Series,8系列,6 Series， 和S Series, are designed to handle steady streams of scrap at rates 900 lb/hr (410 kg/hr) down to as little as 9 lb/hr (4.1 kg/hr).
- 更大的中央单元，从Conair的范围向上Viper 17 Series，通过它的23,32和35系, can handle from 1350 lb/hr (612 kg/hr) to as much as 13,200 lb/hr (600 kg/hr) using either metered feeds or batch feeds.
So too is the scrap that they will handle. The principal limitation on granulator capacity is the size and shape of the feed opening. If the scrap fits in and doesn’t jam the granulator, then it can probably be size-reduced. However, for frequent high-volume scrap, a granulator may not be the most efficient way to do the job.
Shreddersare optimized to handle larger volumes and heavier parts. Most plastics shredders aren’t efficient for handling very low throughput rates. This is especially true of single-shaft shredders, which use a horizontal hydraulic ram to drive scrap material into the cutting area at the intersection of the rotor and the stationary knives. The more scrap there is in the feed bin and the heavier it is, the easier it is for the ram to push it forward into the rotor. Rotors are usually solid steel (or heavy-duty weldments) with rugged saw-tooth cutters that intermesh with the stationary knives to shred the scrap.
与颗粒剂（其转子被重力喂食的粒子）不同，切碎器监视和控制RAM速度和转子速度，以确保取得较不载体的攻击率优化，以无需过载即可进行攻击。大多数模型都包含可以迅速逆转转子以清除过度侵略性喂养（尤其是厚实的废料）或像流浪金属（Tramp Metal）的异物。
密度
Some scrap can put a considerable strain on size-reduction equipment. Purgings, for example, can be several inches thick and weigh thirty or forty pounds. Putting one in a granulator, even a central granulator with a hog rotor and plenty of horsepower, can be noisy, can cause power spikes and can potentially damage the granulator. To avoid these problems, companies who recycle purgings with granulators often cut them into smaller pieces using a band saw or a similar tool.
对于切碎的人来说，像炼狱一样大的刮擦没有问题。实际上，一个装满炼狱的垃圾桶可以倾倒到粉碎机料斗中，机器将非常有效地吞噬它们。对于碎的洗衣粉瓶的包装，也是如此，粉碎机会喜欢它们。但是，以未敏化的形式，粉碎机不会非常有效地处理它们。松散的瓶子会弹起太多。但是，如果手动或将传送带喂入颗粒机的切割室，则松散，轻巧的废料将不会带来任何问题。
规格的塑料薄膜和纤维卷，每磅重量数百磅，是切碎的另一个示例，是切碎的理想之选 - 整个卷可以简单地放入。要在颗粒机中处理相同的废料，卷纸将卷成纸卷必须切成平板或展开。这些切碎机的应用可用于特殊的切割机，以确保薄膜和纤维链的长条不会包裹在转子周围。
如果您需要处理大量的重量，密集的废料（无论是炼狱还是厚墙管或床单），并且您想避免使用颗粒状的劳动密集型准备工作，那么粉碎机可能是最好的选择。
喂养方法
As you’ve probably noted already, shredders don’t require careful feeding. They work just fine when heavy, dense scrap is simply dumped into the feed hopper, where a hydraulic ram built into the bottom of the hopper pushes the scrap into the rotor. When the ram retracts, the weight of the remaining scrap above tends to force it downward, so the next ram cycle can move it forward. Thus, shredders are “dump-and-forget” when it comes to feeding.
Most granulators are just the opposite. To avoid jamming, they need to be fed smaller amounts of scrap continuously, either by hand or by an automated feeding system—a robot or conveyor.
Material Size/Condition Requirements
Probably the single biggest difference between a granulator and a shredder is seen in the appearance of the scrap after size reduction.
Shredders are single-stage size-reduction machines. They chop up scrap into smaller, more manageable pieces, with the sizing determined in part by the size of the holes in the shredder classifying screen, which can be as large as 2 inches (50.8 mm) in diameter to less than half that size. Shredded material thus tends to vary in size, contain a lot of dust and fines, and be considerably larger in size than granulated material.
如果将材料运送到回收室，这可能不是问题。但是，如果目的是将重新赠品与原始颗粒混合并将其发送回成型机或挤出机，则单独切碎是不足的。切碎的材料通常需要二级砂过程，以使其与加工机中的原始材料和其他添加剂一起流动并融合所需的最佳尺寸和均匀性。
A well-designed granulator, kept in good mechanical condition with sharp blades, is the best tool available for producing uniform, process-ready granulate from scrap. In operation, the granulator’s rotating knives cut the scrap repeatedly, first on the edges of the cutting chamber, and then along the inner surface of the sizing screen that lines the inside of the chamber. The material continues to be cut until it passes through the holes in the sizing screen. Holes are usually ¼ to 3/8 inch (6.35 to 9.5 mm) in diameter, so the particles passing through tend to be granular, close to the size of virgin pellets.
在检查每种类型的颗粒剂和碎纸机的特性时，在为工厂选择一件设备之前，评估每个设备的优势也很重要。
